On the alleged origin of geminiviruses from extrachromosomal DNAs of phytoplasmas
Identifieur interne : 000675 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000674; suivant : 000676On the alleged origin of geminiviruses from extrachromosomal DNAs of phytoplasmas
Auteurs : Federica Saccardo [Italie] ; Emanuele Cettul [Italie] ; Sabrina Palmano [Italie] ; Emanuela Noris [Italie] ; Giuseppe Firrao [Italie]Source :
- BMC Evolutionary Biology [ 1471-2148 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Several phytoplasmas, wall-less phloem limited plant pathogenic bacteria, have been shown to contain extrachromosomal DNA (EcDNA) molecules encoding a replication associated protein (Rep) similar to that of geminiviruses, a major group of single stranded (ss) DNA plant viruses. On the basis of that observation and of structural similarities between the capsid proteins of geminiviruses and the
Here we show that this hypothesis has to be rejected because (i) the EcDNA encoded Rep is not of phytoplasmal origin but has been acquired by phytoplasmas through horizontal transfer from a geminivirus or its ancestor; and (ii) the evolution of geminivirus capsid protein in land plants implies missing links, while the analysis of metagenomic data suggests an alternative scenario implying a more ancient evolution in marine environments.
The hypothesis of geminiviruses evolving in plants from DNA molecules of phytoplasma origin contrasts with other findings. An alternative scenario concerning the origin and spread of Rep coding phytoplasmal EcDNA is presented and its implications on the epidemiology of phytoplasmas are discussed.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-185
PubMed: 21711564
PubMed Central: 3154185
Affiliations:
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Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>33100 Udine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palmano, Sabrina" sort="Palmano, Sabrina" uniqKey="Palmano S" first="Sabrina" last="Palmano">Sabrina Palmano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Turin</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Piémont</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noris, Emanuela" sort="Noris, Emanuela" uniqKey="Noris E" first="Emanuela" last="Noris">Emanuela Noris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Turin</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Piémont</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Firrao, Giuseppe" sort="Firrao, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Firrao G" first="Giuseppe" last="Firrao">Giuseppe Firrao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>33100 Udine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e 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type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000675</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000675</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">On the alleged origin of geminiviruses from extrachromosomal DNAs of phytoplasmas</title><author><name sortKey="Saccardo, Federica" sort="Saccardo, Federica" uniqKey="Saccardo F" first="Federica" last="Saccardo">Federica Saccardo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>33100 Udine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cettul, Emanuele" sort="Cettul, Emanuele" uniqKey="Cettul E" first="Emanuele" last="Cettul">Emanuele Cettul</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>33100 Udine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palmano, Sabrina" sort="Palmano, Sabrina" uniqKey="Palmano S" first="Sabrina" last="Palmano">Sabrina Palmano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Turin</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Piémont</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noris, Emanuela" sort="Noris, Emanuela" uniqKey="Noris E" first="Emanuela" last="Noris">Emanuela Noris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto di Virologia Vegetale, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Turin</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Piémont</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Firrao, Giuseppe" sort="Firrao, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Firrao G" first="Giuseppe" last="Firrao">Giuseppe Firrao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Dipartimento di Biologia e Protezione delle Piante, Università di Udine, via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>33100 Udine</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Interuniversity Consortium, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Interuniversity Consortium</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Interuniversity Consortium</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Evolutionary Biology</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2148</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Several phytoplasmas, wall-less phloem limited plant pathogenic bacteria, have been shown to contain extrachromosomal DNA (EcDNA) molecules encoding a replication associated protein (Rep) similar to that of geminiviruses, a major group of single stranded (ss) DNA plant viruses. On the basis of that observation and of structural similarities between the capsid proteins of geminiviruses and the <italic>Satellite tobacco necrosis virus</italic>, it has been recently proposed that geminiviruses evolved from phytoplasmal EcDNAs by acquiring a capsid protein coding gene from a co-invading plant RNA virus.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Here we show that this hypothesis has to be rejected because (i) the EcDNA encoded Rep is not of phytoplasmal origin but has been acquired by phytoplasmas through horizontal transfer from a geminivirus or its ancestor; and (ii) the evolution of geminivirus capsid protein in land plants implies missing links, while the analysis of metagenomic data suggests an alternative scenario implying a more ancient evolution in marine environments.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The hypothesis of geminiviruses evolving in plants from DNA molecules of phytoplasma origin contrasts with other findings. An alternative scenario concerning the origin and spread of Rep coding phytoplasmal EcDNA is presented and its implications on the epidemiology of phytoplasmas are discussed.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kapitonov, Vv" uniqKey="Kapitonov V">VV Kapitonov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jurka, J" uniqKey="Jurka J">J Jurka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koonin, E" uniqKey="Koonin E">E Koonin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ilyina, T" uniqKey="Ilyina T">T Ilyina</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rekab, D" uniqKey="Rekab D">D Rekab</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carraro, L" uniqKey="Carraro L">L Carraro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, B" uniqKey="Schneider B">B Schneider</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seemuller, E" uniqKey="Seemuller E">E 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Ahn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li></country><region><li>Piémont</li></region><settlement><li>Turin</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Saccardo, Federica" sort="Saccardo, Federica" uniqKey="Saccardo F" first="Federica" last="Saccardo">Federica Saccardo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cettul, Emanuele" sort="Cettul, Emanuele" uniqKey="Cettul E" first="Emanuele" last="Cettul">Emanuele Cettul</name><name sortKey="Firrao, Giuseppe" sort="Firrao, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Firrao G" first="Giuseppe" last="Firrao">Giuseppe Firrao</name><name sortKey="Firrao, Giuseppe" sort="Firrao, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Firrao G" first="Giuseppe" last="Firrao">Giuseppe Firrao</name><name sortKey="Noris, Emanuela" sort="Noris, Emanuela" uniqKey="Noris E" first="Emanuela" last="Noris">Emanuela Noris</name><name sortKey="Palmano, Sabrina" sort="Palmano, Sabrina" uniqKey="Palmano S" first="Sabrina" 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